Sundowning can be one of the most challenging aspects of dementia for families to navigate. If you’ve noticed your loved one becoming increasingly confused, restless or agitated as the day draws to a close, you’re not alone. This behaviour, known as sundowning, is common in people living with dementia, and while it can be distressing, there are ways to manage it and provide comfort.
That’s why it’s important to understand what sundowning is, what triggers it, and how you can create a calming environment for your loved one. With the right approach, you can help reduce anxiety and make evenings more peaceful for everyone. For families needing extra support, our dementia care at home services are designed to help you through these moments.
What is Sundowning?
Sundowning refers to a state of confusion, agitation, or restlessness that often occurs in the late afternoon or early evening for people with dementia. It’s not a disease itself, but a group of symptoms that tend to worsen as daylight fades. While the exact cause isn’t fully understood, it’s thought to be linked to changes in the brain that affect the internal body clock, as well as fatigue, hunger, or sensory overload from the day.
If you’re worried about your loved one’s behaviour during this time, it’s always okay to pause and ask for support. Small adjustments to their routine or environment can make a significant difference. For personalised advice, our team of care professionals is here to help.
Common Triggers of Sundowning
Sundowning can be triggered by a variety of factors, and these can vary from person to person. Some of the most common triggers include:
- Changes in light: As the sun sets, the shift from daylight to darkness can cause disorientation.
- Disrupted routine: A lack of structure or familiar activities during the day can lead to increased agitation in the evening.
- Fatigue: After a long day, your loved one may feel exhausted, which can heighten confusion.
- Hunger or thirst: Unmet physical needs, such as not eating or drinking enough, can contribute to restlessness.
- Sensory overload: Too much noise, activity, or unfamiliar surroundings can overwhelm your loved one.
Keep an eye on these triggers and take note of what seems to set off sundowning for your loved one. This can help you anticipate and manage episodes more effectively. For more tips, explore our guide to creating a dementia-friendly home.
How Sundowning Affects Families?
Watching a loved one experience sundowning can be emotionally taxing. It’s natural to feel helpless or frustrated, especially if you’re unsure how to respond. Many families report feeling exhausted or stressed during these episodes, as the behaviour can be unpredictable and difficult to manage.
It’s really important that you remember you’re not alone. Many families are going through the same challenges, and there is support available. Whether it’s talking to a healthcare professional or reaching out to a dementia care service, sharing your concerns can help lighten the load.
Practical Management Tips
Managing sundowning often involves a combination of environmental adjustments, routine, and compassionate communication. Here are some practical tips to help you support your loved one:
- Maintain a calm environment: Reduce noise and distractions in the evening. Soft lighting and familiar music can create a soothing atmosphere.
- Stick to a routine: A consistent daily schedule can provide a sense of security. Try to keep mealtimes, bedtime, and activities at the same time each day.
- Encourage daytime activity: Gentle exercise, such as a short walk or light stretching, can help your loved one feel more relaxed in the evening.
- Limit caffeine and sugar: These can contribute to restlessness, so try to avoid them later in the day.
- Offer reassurance: Use a calm, gentle tone and offer physical comfort, such as holding their hand or giving them a hug if they’re open to it.
The Role of Routine and Lighting
Routine and lighting play a crucial role in managing sundowning. A well-structured day can help your loved one feel more secure and less anxious as evening approaches. Try to include activities they enjoy, such as listening to music, looking at old photos, or spending time in the garden.
Lighting is equally important. As the sun begins to set, ensure the home is well-lit to minimise shadows, which can cause confusion or fear. Consider using nightlights in hallways and bathrooms to provide a sense of safety during the night.
When to Speak to a GP?
While sundowning is a common symptom of dementia, it’s important to rule out other potential causes of agitation or confusion, such as pain, infection, or medication side effects. If your loved one’s behaviour changes suddenly or worsens, it’s a good idea to speak to their GP.
If you’re unsure whether their symptoms are related to sundowning or something else, keep a diary of their behaviour. Note the time of day, what happened, and how long the episode lasted. This information can help the GP understand the situation better and provide appropriate advice.
How Evening Care Helps?
For many families, managing sundowning on their own can feel overwhelming. That’s where professional evening care at home can make a difference. At Comfort Care At Home, our trained care professionals are experienced in supporting people with dementia during the evening hours. Whether it’s helping with personal care, preparing a meal, or simply providing companionship, our team can tailor their support to your loved one’s needs.
Evening care can also give you, as a family carer, the opportunity to take a break and recharge. Knowing that your loved one is in safe, capable hands can provide invaluable peace of mind.
Frequently Asked Questions
What causes sundowning in dementia?
Sundowning is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including changes in the brain that affect the internal body clock, fatigue, hunger, or sensory overload. The exact cause can vary from person to person.
How long does sundowning last?
Sundowning episodes can last anywhere from a few minutes to several hours. They typically occur in the late afternoon or early evening but can sometimes continue into the night.
Can sundowning be prevented?
While sundowning can’t always be prevented, its impact can be reduced by maintaining a calm environment, sticking to a routine, and addressing triggers such as hunger, thirst, or fatigue.
If you’re concerned about sundowning or would like to discuss how evening care could support your loved one, contact us for a free consultation. Our team is here to help you navigate this challenge with compassion and expertise.
