Diabetes can have profound effects on various parts of the body, and the feet are particularly vulnerable. By following a good foot care routine and seeking professional support when needed, you can significantly reduce the risk of complications for a loved one living with diabetes.
Why is diabetic foot care important?
Diabetes affects the body’s ability to heal and fight infections. High blood sugar levels over time can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to reduced sensation in the feet. This means that cuts, blisters or sores may go unnoticed and worsen before being treated. Without proper care, small injuries can develop into serious infections, which may require medical intervention or even lead to amputation in severe cases.
How diabetes affects the feet
Here’s a more detailed overview of the specific ways diabetes can affect an individual’s feet.
Neuropathy
High blood sugar can cause nerve damage over time. The nerves most affected are in the feet and legs. This can reduce an individual’s ability to feel pain, heat or cold in their feet, making it harder to detect injuries.
Poor circulation
Another complication of diabetes is that high blood sugar levels can damage blood vessels and cause poor circulation. Restricted blood flow slows down healing and increases the risk of infections.
Higher risk of infections
Diabetes and high blood sugar put pressure on the immune system, causing it to become weakened. This makes it more difficult for the body to fight infections and heal wounds properly.
Changes in foot shape
Nerve damage and decreased sensation can make it more likely for changes to the feet to develop—such as bunions or hammer toes. These can lead to pressure points and sores, increasing the risk of infection.
Essential tips for diabetes foot care
Proper foot care is crucial for individuals with diabetes. Here are some practical steps to help maintain foot health.
- Inspect feet daily — Check for cuts, blisters, redness, swelling or any other changes.
- Wash feet regularly — Use lukewarm water and mild soap, and ensure feet are completely dry, especially between the toes.
- Moisturise the skin — Prevent dryness and cracking by applying lotion but avoid the area between the toes.
- Wear well-fitted footwear — Ensure shoes offer proper support and avoid tight or high-heeled shoes that cause pressure.
- Change socks daily — Choose moisture-wicking socks ito keep feet dry and reduce the risk of fungal infections.
- Trim toenails carefully — Cut straight across to prevent ingrown toenails and infections.
- Avoid walking barefoot — Walking about without footwear (both inside and outside the home) can increase the risk of cuts, injuries or grazes to the feet.
- Manage blood sugar levels — Controlling glucose levels can help limit nerve damage and poor circulation, which ultimately helps to prevent foot complications.
If you have concerns about the health of your loved one’s feet, you should seek medical attention as even minor foot issues can quickly become problematic for someone with diabetes.
Are diabetics entitled to free foot care in the UK?
Yes, people with diabetes in the UK are entitled to free foot care assessments through the NHS. Those at higher risk of foot complications may also receive ongoing podiatry care. It is important to attend regular diabetic foot screenings, which are usually conducted at annual diabetes check-ups with your healthcare provider. If any concerns arise, a referral to a podiatrist can be made for further assessment and treatment.
How a care professional can help with diabetes foot care
For those who struggle to manage their foot care independently, specialist diabetes care can offer essential support:
- Assisting with daily foot inspections to spot any issues early.
- Helping with hygiene, ensuring feet are cleaned and moisturised properly.
- Encouraging and assisting with mobility to promote better circulation.
- Monitoring overall diabetes management to reduce the risk of complications.
- Coordinating medical appointments with podiatrists and healthcare professionals.
How a care professional can help with diabetes foot care
Seeking professional support can help prevent diabetes foot complications. If your loved one needs assistance with diabetes foot care, we provide experienced and professional support to help them manage their condition and maintain their independence.
Contact us to arrange a free consultation and to discuss your loved one’s needs.